They see the parables as layer upon layer of interpretations of what Jesus originally said. Because they teach that the early church created the substance of the parables, the modern reader has to peal away layers of accretions to determine the authenticity and historicity of the words Jesus spoke.24 For these scholars the literary structure of the parable is important because it leads modern people to a moment of decision: they must either accept or reject the challenge the parables place before
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